What is the meaning of за-?

to begin doing (an action; the onset of an action)

to begin doing something gradually (slow, progressive development of an action or state)

to achieve a direct result (bringing an action to a concrete outcome)

to enter a state (becoming what is expressed by the base word)

to cause someone or something to become a certain way (making an object acquire the quality expressed by the base word)

over, around, or on the surface (performing the action over or around an object)

to attach, fasten, or connect (joining or fixing one thing to another)

towards or beyond a boundary (directing an action across a limit or threshold)

to divert or turn aside (changing the direction of an action)

to reverse the result of an action (bringing about an effect opposite to that of the base verb)

to do something intensely or for a long time (prolonged or deepened engagement in an action)

perfectivizes verbs (forms the perfective aspect without changing the base meaning)

to begin doing (describing an action of commencing)

perfectivizes verbs

describing an intensified or extreme action or an action of doing something up to the point that an object becomes junk

to begin doing (describing an action of commencing)

behind, beyond

perfectivizes verbs

denotes completion of the action

denotes beginning of the action

denotes performing of the action on a larger scale

denotes performing of the action on a smaller scale

denotes an action not going in the desired direction

denotes an action moving behind something

denotes hiding or covering of something

denotes an action encompassing the subject

denotes becoming what the meaning of the base is, moving into a new state

denotes changing of status of an item

denotes being paid or rewarded for work

trans-

behind, beyond

to begin doing (describing an action of commencing)

in advance (describing an action of doing something ahead of time)

perfectivizes verbs

to the finish, to the end (describing a completed result)

describing an action of covering something, of being covered, or hiding behind something

describing an intensified or extreme action or an action of doing something up to the point that an object becomes junk

describing an action that implies the existence of barriers, obstacles, or hindrance

to do with abandonment

trans-

behind, beyond

to begin doing (describing an action of commencing)

in advance (describing an action of doing something ahead of time)

perfectivizes verbs

to the finish, to the end (describing a completed result)

describing an action of covering something, of being covered, or hiding behind something

describing an intensified or extreme action or an action of doing something up to the point that an object becomes junk

describing an action that implies the existence of barriers, obstacles, or hindrance

to do with abandonment

trans-

Source: wiktionary.org